Number Theory Basics

Explore number theory concepts that underpin cryptography, hashing, and algorithm design. Covers primes, modular arithmetic, GCD, Euler's theorem, and the Chinese Remainder Theorem.

Usage

Ask about number theory concepts, proofs, or their applications in computer science.

Examples

• "Explain modular arithmetic with practical examples"
• "How does Euler's theorem relate to RSA encryption?"
• "Find the GCD of 84 and 126 using the Euclidean algorithm"

Guidelines

• Use the Euclidean algorithm for efficient GCD computation
• Understand modular arithmetic for cryptography and hashing
• Prime factorization is the foundation for many number theory results
• Connect theoretical results to their practical applications
• Use small examples to build intuition for abstract theorems